Ko te hipoki, te hipoki o waho rānei, te paparanga tiaki o waho rawa atu i roto i te hanganga taura whatu, he mea hanga te nuinga mai i te rauemi hipoki PE me te rauemi hipoki PVC, ā, ka whakamahia ngā rauemi hipoki ātete-murā kore-halogen me ngā rauemi hipoki ātete-aroturuki hiko i ngā wā motuhake.
1. Rauemi hipoki PE
Ko te PE te whakarāpopototanga o te polyethylene, he matū polymer i hangaia mā te polymerization o te ethylene. Ka hangaia te rauemi uhi polyethylene pango mā te whakaranu me te whakapūpū i te kapia polyethylene me te stabilizer, te waro pango, te antioxidant me te plasticizer i roto i tētahi ōwehenga. Ka taea te wehewehe i ngā rauemi uhi polyethylene mō ngā uhi taura whatu ki te polyethylene iti-kiato (LDPE), te polyethylene iti-kiato raina (LLDPE), te polyethylene waenga-kiato (MDPE) me te polyethylene teitei-kiato (HDPE) i runga i te kiato. Nā te rerekētanga o ō rātou kiato me ngā hanganga ngota, he rerekē ngā āhuatanga. Ko te polyethylene iti-kiato, e mōhiotia ana ko te polyethylene pēhanga teitei, ka hangaia mā te copolymerization o te ethylene i te pēhanga teitei (neke atu i te 1500 hauhautanga) i te 200-300°C me te hāora hei whakakorikori. Nō reira, kei roto i te mekameka ngota o te polyethylene iti-kiato he maha ngā peka o ngā roa rerekē, me te nui o te peka mekameka, te hanganga koretake, te iti o te tioata, me te ngāwari me te roa pai. Ko te polyethylene matotoru-teitei, e mōhiotia ana ko te polyethylene pēhanga-iti, ka hangaia mā te whakakotahitanga o te ethylene i te pēhanga iti (1-5 hau) me te 60-80°C me ngā whakakorikori konumohe me te titanium. Nā te whāiti o te tohatoha taumaha ngota o te polyethylene matotoru-teitei me te whakaritenga tika o ngā ngota, he pai ngā āhuatanga miihini, he pai te ātete matū me te whānuitanga o te whakamahinga pāmahana. Ka hangaia te rauemi hipoki polyethylene matotoru-waenga mā te whakaranu i te polyethylene matotoru-teitei me te polyethylene matotoru-iti i roto i te ōwehenga tika, mā te whakakotahitanga rānei i te monomer ethylene me te propylene (te monomer tuarua rānei o te 1-butene). Nō reira, ko te mahi a te polyethylene matotoru-waenga kei waenganui i te polyethylene matotoru-teitei me te polyethylene matotoru-iti, ā, he ngāwari rite ki te polyethylene matotoru-iti me te ātete kakahu pai me te kaha kume o te polyethylene matotoru-teitei. Ka whakakotahitia te polyethylene matotoru-raina mā te wāhanga hau pēhanga-iti, te tikanga otinga rānei me te monomer ethylene me te 2-olefin. Ko te tohu peka o te polyethylene matotoru-raina kei waenganui i te matotoru-iti me te matotoru-nui, nō reira he pai te ātete pakaru ahotea taiao. He tohu tino nui te ātete ki te pakaru o te ahotea taiao hei tautuhi i te kounga o ngā rauemi PE. E pā ana tēnei ki te āhuatanga e pāngia ana te rauemi e ngā pakaru piko i roto i te taiao o te surfactant. Ko ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki te pakaru ahotea rauemi ko: te taumaha ngota, te tohatoha taumaha ngota, te tioata, me te hanganga moroiti o te mekameka ngota. Ko te nui ake o te taumaha ngota, ko te whaiti ake o te tohatoha taumaha ngota, ko te nui ake o ngā hononga i waenga i ngā papa, ko te pai ake o te ātete pakaru ahotea taiao o te rauemi, me te roa ake o te ora ratonga o te rauemi; i te wa ano, ka pāngia hoki tēnei tohu e te tioata o te rauemi. Ko te iti iho o te tioata, ko te pai ake o te ātete pakaru ahotea taiao o te rauemi. Ko te kaha kume me te roa i te whati o ngā rauemi PE tētahi atu tohu hei ine i te mahi a te rauemi, ā, ka taea hoki te matapae i te mutunga o te whakamahinga o te rauemi. Ka taea e te ihirangi waro i roto i ngā rauemi PE te ātete pai i te mimiti o ngā hihi ultraviolet i runga i te rauemi, ā, ka taea e ngā antioxidants te whakapai ake i ngā āhuatanga antioxidant o te rauemi.
2. Rauemi hipoki PVC
Kei roto i te rauemi ārai mura PVC ngā ngota chlorine, ka mura i roto i te mura. Ina mura, ka pirau, ka tukuna he nui o te hau HCL waikura me te paitini, ka puta he kino tuarua, engari ka tineia i a ia anō ina puta atu i te mura, nō reira he āhuatanga tōna kāore e horapa te mura; i te wa ano, he pai te ngāwari me te toronga o te rauemi hipoki PVC, ā, he whānui te whakamahinga i roto i ngā taura whatu o roto.
3. Rauemi hipoki ātete mura kore-halogen
I te mea ka puta he hau paitini i te wā e tahuna ana te polyvinyl chloride, kua whakawhanakehia e te tangata he rauemi ārai ahi iti-paoa, kore-halogen, kore-paitini, ma, arā, te tāpiri i ngā ārai ahi kore-waro Al(OH)3 me Mg(OH)2 ki ngā rauemi ārai ahi noa, ka tukuna he wai tioata ina tūtaki ki te ahi, ka mimiti i te nui o te wera, ā, ka ārai i te pikinga o te pāmahana o te rauemi ārai ahi, ka ārai hoki i te mura. I te mea ka tāpirihia ngā ārai ahi kore-waro ki ngā rauemi ārai ahi kore-halogen, ka piki ake te kawe hiko o ngā polymer. I taua wā anō, he rerekē rawa ngā kapia me ngā ārai ahi kore-waro. I te wā e tukatuka ana, me ārai i te whakaranu kore taurite o ngā ārai ahi ā-rohe. Me tāpiri ngā ārai ahi kore-waro ki ngā rahinga tika. Mena he nui rawa te ōwehenga, ka tino whakaitihia te kaha miihini me te roa i te wā e whati ana te rauemi. Ko ngā tohu mō te aromatawai i ngā āhuatanga ārai ahi o ngā ārai ahi kore-halogen ko te taupū hāora me te kukū paowa. Ko te taupū hāora te kukū hāora iti rawa e hiahiatia ana kia mau tonu ai te mura taurite i roto i te hau whakaranu o te hāora me te hauota. Ko te nui ake o te taupū hāora, ko te pai ake o ngā āhuatanga ātete mura o te rauemi. Ka tatauhia te kukū paoa mā te ine i te whakawhiti o te hihi mārama whakarara e haere ana i roto i te paoa i hangaia e te mura o te rauemi i roto i tētahi wāhi me te roa o te ara whatu. Ko te iti iho o te kukū paoa, ko te iti iho o te tukunga paoa, ā, ko te pai ake o te mahi a te rauemi.
4. Rauemi hipoki ātete tohu hiko
Kei te piki haere te maha o ngā taura whatu tautoko-ā-roto katoa (ADSS) e takoto ana i roto i te pourewa kotahi me ngā raina hiko teitei i roto i te pūnaha whakawhitiwhiti hiko. Hei whakakore i te awe o te mara hiko whakaawe hiko teitei ki runga i te uhi taura, kua whakawhanakehia, kua hangaia hoki e te tangata he rauemi uhi ātete-mate hiko hou, mā te whakahaere tino i te ihirangi o te pango waro, te rahi me te tohatoha o ngā matūriki pango waro, me te tāpiri i ngā tāpiringa motuhake kia pai ai te mahi ātete-mate hiko o te rauemi uhi.
Wā tuku: 26 o Ākuhata-2024