He whānuitia te whakamahinga o te Polyethylene (PE) i roto i ngā...te whakamarumaru me te hipoki i ngā taura hiko me ngā taura whakawhitiwhiti kōreronā tōna kaha ā-mīhini, tōna pakari, tōna ātete ki te wera, tōna ārai wera, me tōna pumau matū. Heoi, nā ngā āhuatanga hanganga o te PE tonu, he ngoikore tōna ātete ki te pakaru o te ahotea taiao. Ka tino kitea tēnei take ina whakamahia te PE hei hipoki o waho o ngā taura parepare wāhanga nui.
1. Te Tikanga o te Pakaru o te Uwhi PE
Ko te pakaru o te whāriki PE ka puta i ngā āhuatanga e rua:
a. Ngatata o te Āhuatanga Taiao: E pā ana tēnei ki te āhuatanga e pakaru ana te papa o te anga mai i te mata nā te ahotea whakakotahi, te pānga rānei ki ngā mea taiao i muri i te tāutanga me te whakahaere taura. Ko te take matua o tēnei ko te ahotea o roto i te papa me te pānga roa ki ngā wai porotaka. Kua whakatauhia nuitia tēnei momo pakaru e te rangahau whānui mō te whakarerekētanga rauemi.
b. Te Pakaru o te Taumahatanga Ā-Mīhini: Ka puta tēnei nā te ngoikore o te hanganga o te taura, nā te koretake rānei o te tukanga whakaputanga o te uhi, ka hua ake te nui o te kukū o te ahotea me te pakaru i puta mai i te whakarerekētanga i te wā e tāuta ana te taura. Ka kitea nuitia ake tēnei momo pakaru i roto i ngā uhi o waho o ngā taura rino whitiki-rahi.
2. Ngā Take o te Pakaru o te Uwhi PE me ngā Mahi Whakapai Ake
2.1 Te Awe o te TauraRīpene RinoHanganga
I roto i ngā taura he nui ake ngā diameter o waho, ko te paparanga parepare he mea hanga ki ngā takai rīpene maitai paparua-rua. I runga i te diameter o waho o te taura, ka rerekē te matotoru o te rīpene maitai (0.2mm, 0.5mm, me te 0.8mm). He pakari ake ngā rīpene maitai parepare matotoru, ā, he ngoikore te kirihou, ka nui ake te mokowā i waenga i ngā paparanga o runga me raro. I te wā e whakaputa ana, ka puta he rerekētanga nui i roto i te matotoru o te paparanga i waenga i ngā paparanga o runga me raro o te mata o te paparanga parepare. Ko ngā wāhi paparanga angiangi i ngā taha o te rīpene maitai o waho ka pāngia e te kukū ahotea nui rawa atu, ā, koinei ngā wāhi matua ka pakaru ā muri ake nei.
Hei whakaiti i te pānga o te rīpene maitai ārai ki te uhi o waho, ka takaihia, ka whakapūtātia rānei he paparanga ārai he matotoru te matotoru i waenganui i te rīpene maitai me te uhi PE. Me rite te matotoru o tēnei paparanga ārai, kāore he kita, he pūwero rānei. Mā te tāpiri i tētahi paparanga ārai ka pai ake te maeneene i waenganui i ngā paparanga e rua o te rīpene maitai, ka whakarite kia ōrite te matotoru o te uhi PE, ā, me te whakakotahitanga o te uhi PE, ka whakaitihia te ahotea o roto.
Ka whakaratohia e ONEWORLD ki ngā kaiwhakamahi ngā matotoru rerekē ongā rauemi rino whakarewa rīpenehei whakatutuki i ngā hiahia kanorau.
2.2 Te Pānga o te Tukanga Hanga Taura
Ko ngā take matua o te tukanga whakaputanga o ngā uhi taura parepare whānui o waho ko te koretake o te whakamatao, te whakarite pokepokea koretake, me te ōwehenga totoro nui rawa, ka hua ake he taumahatanga ā-roto nui i roto i te uhi. Ko ngā taura rahi, nā te matotoru me te whānui o ngā uhi, he maha ngā wā ka pāngia e ngā herenga o te roa me te rahinga o ngā awa wai i runga i ngā raina whakaputa whakaputanga. Ko te whakamatao mai i te neke atu i te 200 nekehanga Celsius i te wā whakaputanga ki te pāmahana rūma he wero. Ko te koretake o te whakamatao ka hua ake he ngohengohe ake te uhi tata ki te paparanga parepare, ka puta he rakuraku i te mata o te uhi ina takai te taura, ā, ka mutu ka puta he pakaru me te whati i te wā e whakatakotoranga ana te taura nā ngā kaha o waho. Heoi anō, ko te koretake o te whakamatao ka whai wāhi ki te pikinga o ngā kaha whakaheke ā-roto i muri i te takai, ka piki ake te mōrearea o te pakaru o te uhi i raro i ngā kaha nui o waho. Hei whakarite kia nui te whakamatao, me whakanui ake te roa, te rahinga rānei o ngā awa wai. He mea nui te whakaiti i te tere whakaputanga me te pupuri tonu i te kirihou tika o te uhi me te tuku i te wā nui mō te whakamatao i te wā e takai ana. Hei tāpiritanga, mā te whakaaro ki te polyethylene hei pūmua tioata, he tikanga whakaiti pāmahana wāhanga, mai i te 70-75°C ki te 50-55°C, ā, hei whakamutunga ki te pāmahana rūma, ka āwhina i te whakaiti i ngā ahotea o roto i te wā o te tukanga whakamatao.
2.3 Te Awe o te Pūtoro Takai ki te Takai Taura
I te wā e takai ana i te taura, ka piri ngā kaihanga ki ngā paerewa ahumahi mō te whiriwhiri i ngā rīra tuku tika. Heoi, ko te whakauru i ngā roa tuku roa mō ngā taura whānui o waho he uaua ki te whiriwhiri i ngā rīra tika. Hei whakatutuki i ngā roa tuku kua tohua, ka whakaitihia e ētahi kaihanga ngā diameter o te oko rīra, ka hua ake he koretake te piko o ngā radius mō te taura. Ka hua ake te piko nui ki te nekehanga o ngā paparanga pukupuku, ka puta he kaha kutikuti nui ki te takotoranga. I ngā wā tino kino, ka taea e ngā kohao o te rīpene maitai pukupuku te wero i te paparanga urunga, ka uru tika ki roto i te takotoranga, ka puta he pakaru, he pakaru rānei i te taha o te rīpene maitai. I te wā e whakatakotoranga ana i te taura, ka puta te pakaru o te takotoranga i te taha o ēnei pakaru, inā koa mō ngā taura e tata ana ki ngā paparanga o roto o te rīra, ka ngawari ake te pakaru.
2.4 Ngā Pānga o te Taiao Hanga me te Tāutanga i te Papa
Hei whakarite i te hanganga taura, he mea tika kia whakaitihia te tere o te whakatakotoranga taura, kia karohia te pēhanga taha nui, te piko, te kaha kukume, me ngā tukinga mata, kia pai ai te taiao hanga. Ko te mea pai, i mua i te tāutanga taura, me waiho te taura kia okioki i te 50-60°C hei tuku i te ahotea o roto mai i te uhi. Āta karohia te roa o te wā e pāngia ana ngā taura e te rā tika, nā te mea ko ngā pāmahana rerekē i ngā taha rerekē o te taura ka arahi pea ki te kukū ahotea, ka piki ake te tūponotanga o te pakaru o te uhi i te wā e whakatakotoranga ana te taura.
Wā tuku: Hakihea-18-2023