He māmā noa iho te hanganga o te taura, he pono, he mahi nui tō ia wāhanga, nō reira me āta whiriwhiri i ngā rauemi o ia wāhanga i te wā e hangaia ana te taura, kia mau ai te pono o te taura i hangaia mai i ēnei rauemi i te wā e whakamahia ana.
1. Rauemi arataki
I ngā wā o mua, ko ngā rauemi i whakamahia mō ngā taura hiko he parahi me te konumohe. I whakamātauhia hoki te konutai mō tētahi wā poto. He pai ake te kawe hiko o te parahi me te konumohe, ā, he iti ake te nui o te parahi ina tukuna te iahiko kotahi, nō reira he iti ake te diameter o waho o te kawe parahi i te kawe konumohe. He iti ake te utu o te konumohe i te parahi. Hei tāpiri, nā te mea he nui ake te mātotoru o te parahi i te konumohe, ahakoa he rite te kaha kawe iahiko, he nui ake te whakawhiti o te kawe konumohe i te kawe parahi, engari he mama tonu te taura kawe konumohe i te taura kawe parahi.
2. Ngā rauemi whakamahana
He maha ngā rauemi ārai ka taea e ngā taura hiko MV te whakamahi, tae atu ki ngā rauemi ārai pepa kua whakakīia ki te hangarau, kua whakamahia angitu mō ngā tau neke atu i te 100. I ēnei rā, kua whānuitia te whakaaetia o te ārai pūmua whakaputa. Ko ngā rauemi ārai pūmua whakaputa ko te PE (LDPE me te HDPE), te XLPE, te WTR-XLPE me te EPR. He kirihou wera ēnei rauemi, he kirihou whakatakoto wera anō hoki. Ka huri te āhua o ngā rauemi kirihou wera ina werahia, engari ka mau tonu te āhua o ngā rauemi pāmahana i ngā pāmahana whakahaere.
2.1. Te whakamarumaru pepa
I te tīmatanga o tā rātou mahi, he iti noa te kawenga o ngā taura pepa-whakamātao, ā, he pai te tiaki. Heoi, kei te piki haere tonu te kawenga a ngā kaiwhakamahi hiko, ā, kāore e pai ngā āhuatanga whakamahi taketake mō ngā hiahia o te taura o nāianei, kāti kāore e taea e te wheako pai taketake te whakaatu i te mahi a te taura ā muri ake nei. I ngā tau tata nei, kua onge te whakamahi i ngā taura pepa-whakamātao.
2.2.PVC
Kei te whakamahia tonutia te PVC hei rauemi ārai mō ngā taura iti-ngaohiko 1kV, ā, he rauemi hipoki hoki. Heoi, kei te tere whakakapia te whakamahinga o te PVC ki te ārai taura e te XLPE, ā, kei te tere whakakapia te whakamahinga ki te hipoki e te polyethylene iti-kiato raina (LLDPE), te polyethylene kiato waenga (MDPE) te polyethylene kiato teitei (HDPE) rānei, ā, he iti ake ngā utu huringa ora o ngā taura kore-PVC.
2.3. Polyethylene (PE)
I whakawhanakehia te polyethylene iti-kiato (LDPE) i ngā tau 1930, ā, e whakamahia ana ināianei hei kapia turanga mō te polyethylene honohono-whiti (XLPE) me ngā rauemi polyethylene honohono-rākau ātete-wai (WTR-XLPE). I roto i te āhua kirihou wera, ko te pāmahana mahi mōrahi o te polyethylene he 75 ° C, he iti iho i te pāmahana mahi o ngā taura pepa kua whakamahanatia (80~90 ° C). Kua whakatauhia tēnei raruraru me te taenga mai o te polyethylene honohono-whiti (XLPE), ka taea te tutuki, te neke atu rānei i te pāmahana mahi o ngā taura pepa kua whakamahanatia.
2.4.Polyethylene honohono-whiti (XLPE)
He rauemi whakawera te XLPE i hangaia mā te whakaranu i te polyethylene iti-kiato (LDPE) me tētahi kaihoko honohono (pērā i te peroxide).
Ko te pāmahana whakahaere mōrahi o te taura XLPE he 90 °C, ko te whakamātautau taumaha rawa atu he 140 °C, ā, ko te pāmahana ara iahiko poto ka eke ki te 250 °C. He tino pai ngā āhuatanga dielectric o te XLPE, ā, ka taea te whakamahi i roto i te awhe ngaohiko mai i te 600V ki te 500kV.
2.5. He rākau ātete wai Polyethylene honohono-whiti (WTR-XLPE)
Ka whakapotohia te roa o te mahi a te taura XLPE e te āhuatanga rākau wai. He maha ngā huarahi hei whakaiti i te tipu o te rākau wai, engari ko tētahi o ngā mea e tino whakaaetia ana ko te whakamahi i ngā rauemi whakamahana motuhake i hangaia hei aukati i te tipu o te rākau wai, e kiia nei ko te polyethylene whakawhiti-rākau ātete-wai WTR-XLPE.
2.6. Rapa Ethylene propylene (EPR)
He rauemi whakamahana te EPR i hangaia mai i te ethylene, te propylene (he monomer tuatoru i ētahi wā), ā, ko te copolymer o ngā monomer e toru e kiia ana ko te rapa ethylene propylene diene (EPDM). I runga i te whānuitanga o te pāmahana, ka noho ngohengohe tonu te EPR, ā, he pai te ātete ki te korona. Heoi, he nui ake te ngaronga dielectric o te rauemi EPR i tērā o te XLPE me te WTR-XLPE.
3. Te tukanga whakamomona i te whakamarumaru
He mea motuhake te tukanga honohono ki te pūmua e whakamahia ana. Ka tīmata te hanga pūmua honohono ki te pūmua matrix, kātahi ka tāpirihia ngā mea whakau me ngā mea honohono hei hanga i tētahi ranunga. Ka tāpirihia e te tukanga honohono ētahi atu pūwāhi hononga ki te hanganga ngota. Kia honohonoa, ka noho pūmau te mekameka ngota pūmua, engari kāore e taea te motu katoa hei rewa wai.
4. Ngā rauemi ārai me te ārai ārai hiko mō te arai hiko
Ka whakapūtāhia te paparanga ārai haurua-arataki ki te mata o waho o te arataki me te whakamarumaru hei whakataurite i te paparanga hiko, hei pupuri hoki i te paparanga hiko ki roto i te matua taura kua whakamarumarutia. Kei roto i tēnei rauemi he rauemi pango waro hei āhei i te paparanga ārai o te taura ki te whakatutuki i te kawe hiko pumau i roto i te awhe e hiahiatia ana.
Wā tuku: Paenga-whāwhā-12-2024