Ko te uhi taura (e mōhiotia ana ko te uhi o waho, te uhi rānei) te paparanga o waho rawa o te taura, te taura whatu, te waea rānei, hei ārai nui rawa atu i roto i te taura hei tiaki i te haumaru hanganga o roto, hei tiaki i te taura mai i te wera o waho, te makariri, te mākū, te hihi ultraviolet, te ozone, te kino matū me te kino miihini i te wā me muri i te tāutanga. Ehara i te mea ko te uhi taura te whakakapi i te whakakaha i roto i te taura, engari ka taea hoki e rātou te whakarato i tētahi taumata teitei o te tiaki iti. Hei tāpiri, ka taea hoki e te uhi taura te whakatika i te āhua me te āhua o te ara iahiko kua herea, me te paparanga ārai (mēnā kei reira), kia whakaitihia ai te pokanoa ki te hototahi hikohiko (EMC) o te taura. He mea nui tēnei kia whakarite kia rite te tuku o te hiko, te tohu, te raraunga rānei i roto i te taura, i te waea rānei. He mea nui anō hoki te uhi ki te roa o te mau o ngā taura whatu me ngā waea.
He maha ngā momo rauemi hipoki taura, ko ngā rauemi hipoki taura e whakamahia whānuitia ana ko –polyethylene honohono (XLPE), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), ethylene propylene fluorinated (FEP), perfluoroalkoxy resin (PFA), polyurethane (PUR),polyethylene (PE), elastomer kirihou wera (TPE) mepūhaumāota polyvinyl (PVC), He rerekē ngā āhuatanga mahi o ia tangata, o ia tangata.
Me whai whakaaro tuatahi te kōwhiringa o ngā rauemi mata mō te hipoki taura ki te urutau ki te taiao me te hototahitanga o te whakamahinga o ngā hononga. Hei tauira, ko ngā taiao tino makariri ka hiahia pea ki te hipoki taura e noho ngāwari ana i ngā pāmahana tino iti. He mea nui te whiriwhiri i te rauemi hipoki tika hei whakatau i te taura whatu pai rawa atu mō ia tono. Nō reira, he mea nui kia mārama ki te kaupapa me tutuki e te taura whatu, te waea rānei, me ngā whakaritenga me tutuki.
Pūhaumāota Polyvinyl (PVC)He rauemi e whakamahia whānuitia ana mō te hipoki taura. He mea hanga ki te kapia polyvinyl chloride, e tāpirihia ana he whakau, he mea hanga kirihou, he whakakī kore-waro pēnei i te konupūmā kāponāte, he tāpiri me he hinu whakahinuhinu, mā te whakaranu me te pokepoke me te whakaputa. He pai ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana, ā-mīhini me te hiko, engari he pai te ātete ki te huarere me te pumau matū, ka taea hoki te whakapai ake i tana mahi mā te tāpiri i ngā tāpiri rerekē, pēnei i te ārai mura, te ātete wera me ētahi atu.
Ko te tikanga whakaputa o te hipoki taura PVC ko te tāpiri i ngā matūriki PVC ki te extruder ka extrude i raro i te pāmahana me te pēhanga teitei hei hanga i te hipoki taura ngongo.
Ko ngā painga o te koti taura PVC he iti te utu, he ngāwari ki te tukatuka me te tāuta, ā, he whānuitia ngā whakamahinga. He maha ngā wā e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā taura ngaohiko iti, ngā taura whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, ngā waea hanga me ētahi atu mara. Heoi, he ngoikore te ātete pāmahana teitei, te ātete makariri, te ātete UV me ētahi atu āhuatanga o te hipoki taura PVC, kei roto ngā matū kino ki te taiao me te tinana tangata, ā, he maha ngā raruraru ina whakamahia ki ngā taiao motuhake. I te whakanui ake i te mōhiotanga taiao o te tangata me te whakapai ake i ngā whakaritenga mahi rauemi, kua nui ake ngā whakaritenga kua whakatakotoria mō ngā rauemi PVC. Nō reira, i roto i ētahi mara motuhake, pērā i te rererangi, te rererangi, te mana karihi me ētahi atu mara, ka whakamahia marietia te hipoki taura PVC.
Polyethylene (PE)He rauemi noa te uhi taura. He pai ōna āhuatanga miihini me te pumau matū, ā, he pai hoki tōna ātete ki te wera, ki te makariri me te huarere. Ka taea te whakapai ake i te uhi taura PE mā te tāpiri i ngā tāpiringa, pērā i ngā antioxidants, ngā absorbers UV, me ētahi atu.
He rite te tikanga hanga o te uhi taura PE ki tērā o te PVC, ā, ka tāpirihia ngā matūriki PE ki te extruder ka extruded i raro i te pāmahana me te pēhanga teitei hei hanga i te uhi taura ngongo.
He pai ngā painga o te uhi taura PE, arā, he ātete pai ki te taiao me te ātete ki te UV, engari he iti te utu, he whānuitia te whakamahinga i roto i ngā taura whatu, ngā taura ngaohiko iti, ngā taura whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, ngā taura keri me ētahi atu mara. Ko te Polyethylene Hononga-Whatunga (XLPE) he rauemi uhi taura he nui ngā āhuatanga hiko me te ā-mīhini. Ka hangaia mā te hono-whiti i ngā rauemi polyethylene i ngā pāmahana teitei. Mā te tauhohenga hono-whiti ka taea e te rauemi polyethylene te hanga i tētahi hanganga whatunga toru-ahu, ka nui te kaha me te ātete ki te pāmahana teitei. He whānuitia te whakamahinga o te uhi taura XLPE i roto i te mara o ngā taura ngaohiko teitei, pērā i ngā raina tuku, ngā teihana hiko, me ētahi atu. He tino pai ngā āhuatanga hiko, te kaha ā-mīhini me te pumau matū, engari he tino pai hoki te ātete ki te wera me te ātete ki te huarere.
Polyurethane (PUR)e pā ana ki tētahi rōpū kirihou i whakawhanakehia i te mutunga o te tekau tau atu i 1930. Ka hangaia mā te tukanga matū e kiia nei ko te tāpiri polymerization. Ko te rauemi mata he hinu te nuinga, engari ka taea hoki te whakamahi i ngā rauemi tipu pēnei i te rīwai, te kānga, te pīti huka rānei i roto i tana hanga. Ko te PUR he rauemi hipoki taura e whakamahia whānuitia ana. He rauemi elastomer me te ātete pai ki te kakahu, te ātete ki te koroheketanga, te ātete ki te hinu me te ātete ki te waikawa me te kawakore, me te kaha miihini me ngā āhuatanga whakaora tere. Ka taea te whakapai ake i te hipoki taura PUR mā te tāpiri i ngā tāpiringa rerekē, pēnei i ngā aukati mura, ngā kaihoko ātete pāmahana teitei, me ētahi atu.
Ko te tikanga whakaputa o te uhi taura PUR ko te tāpiri i ngā matūriki PUR ki te extruder ka extruded i raro i te pāmahana me te pēhanga teitei hei hanga i te uhi taura ngongo. He tino pai ngā āhuatanga miihini o te polyurethane.
He tino pai te ātete o te rauemi ki te kakahu, ki te tapahi me te haehae, ā, he tino ngāwari tonu ahakoa i ngā pāmahana iti. Nā tēnei ka tino pai te PUR mō ngā tono e hiahia ana ki te nekehanga hihiri me ngā whakaritenga piko, pērā i ngā mekameka tō. I roto i ngā tono karetao, ka taea e ngā taura me te uhi PUR te tu atu ki ngā miriona huringa piko, ki ngā kaha hurihuri kaha rānei, me te kore raruraru. He kaha hoki te ātete o te PUR ki te hinu, ki ngā whakarewa me te hihi ultraviolet. Hei tāpiri, i runga i te hanganga o te rauemi, he kore halogen, he ātete mura hoki, he paearu nui ēnei mō ngā taura kua whai tiwhikete UL, ā, e whakamahia ana i te United States. He mea noa te whakamahi i ngā taura PUR i roto i te hanga mīhini me te wheketere, te aunoatanga ahumahi, me te umanga motuka.
Ahakoa he pai ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana, ā-pūkaha me te matū o te hipoki taura PUR, he nui te utu, ā, kāore e pai mō ngā huihuinga hanga papatipu iti te utu.
Elastomer thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)he rauemi hipoki taura e whakamahia whānuitia ana. He rerekē te TPU i te elastomer polyurethane (PUR), he rauemi thermoplastic te TPU he pai te tukatuka me te kirihou.
He pai te ātete kakahu o te uhi taura TPU, te ātete hinu, te ātete waikawa me te kawakore me te ātete huarere, ā, he pai te kaha miihini me te mahi whakaora tere, ka taea te urutau ki te nekehanga miihini uaua me te taiao wiri.
Ka hangaia te uhi taura TPU mā te tāpiri i ngā matūriki TPU ki tētahi extruder ka extruded i raro i te pāmahana me te pēhanga teitei hei hanga i tētahi uhi taura ngongo.
He whānuitia te whakamahinga o te hipoki taura TPU i roto i te aunoatanga ahumahi, ngā taputapu mīhini, ngā pūnaha whakahaere nekehanga, ngā karetao me ētahi atu mara, tae atu ki ngā motuka, ngā kaipuke me ētahi atu mara. He pai te ātete kakahu me te mahi whakaora ngāwari, ka taea te tiaki pai i te taura, engari he pai hoki te ātete pāmahana teitei me te ātete pāmahana iti.
Ki te whakaritea ki te PUR, he pai te mahi tukatuka me te ngāwari o te hipoki taura TPU, ka taea te urutau ki ngā whakaritenga rahi me te āhua o te taura. Heoi, he nui te utu o te hipoki taura TPU, ā, kāore e pai mō ngā huihuinga hanga papatipu iti te utu.
Rapa hiraka (PU)He rauemi hipoki taura e whakamahia whānuitia ana. He rauemi pūmua waro, e pā ana ki te mekameka matua i hangaia mai i ngā ngota silicon me te hāora, ā, ko te ngota silicon e honoa ana ki ngā rōpū rapa waro e rua. Ko te rapa silicone noa he mea hanga mai i ngā mekameka silicone kei roto ngā rōpū methyl me te iti o te vinyl. Mā te whakaurunga o te rōpū phenyl ka taea te whakapai ake i te ātete pāmahana teitei me te iti o te rapa silicone, ā, mā te whakaurunga o te rōpū trifluoropropyl me te cyanide ka taea te whakapai ake i te ātete pāmahana me te ātete hinu o te rapa silicone. He pai te ātete pāmahana teitei o te PU, te ātete makariri me te ātete waikura, ā, he pai hoki ngā āhuatanga ngawari me te whakaora tere. Ka taea e te hipoki taura rapa silicone te whakapai ake i tana mahi mā te tāpiri i ngā tāpiringa rerekē, pērā i ngā kaihoko ātete-kakahu, ngā kaihoko ātete hinu, me ētahi atu.
Ko te tikanga whakaputa o te uhi taura rapa silicone ko te tāpiri i te ranunga rapa silicone ki te extruder ka extrude i raro i te pāmahana me te pēhanga teitei hei hanga i te uhi taura ngongo. He whānuitia te whakamahinga o te uhi taura rapa silicone i roto i ngā āhuatanga ātete pāmahana me te pēhanga teitei, pērā i te ātete ki te rangi, ngā tipu hiko karihi, te hinu matū, te ope taua me ētahi atu mara.
He pai tōna ātete ki te pāmahana teitei me te ātete ki te waikura, ka taea te mahi pumau i roto i te taiao pāmahana teitei, te pēhanga teitei, me te waikura kaha, engari he pai hoki te kaha miihini me te mahi whakaora ngāwari, ka taea te urutau ki te nekehanga miihini uaua me te taiao wiri.
Ki te whakatauritea ki ētahi atu rauemi hipoki taura, he nui ake te ātete o te hipoki taura rapa silicone ki te pāmahana me te waikura, engari he pai hoki te ngawari me te kaha whakaora, he pai mō ngā taiao mahi uaua ake. Heoi, he nui te utu o te hipoki taura rapa silicone, ā, kāore i te pai mō ngā huihuinga hanga papatipu iti te utu.
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)He rauemi hipoki taura e whakamahia whānuitia ana, e mōhiotia ana ko te polytetrafluoroethylene. He rauemi pūmua tēnei he ātete pai ki te waikura, ki te pāmahana teitei me te ātete matū, ā, ka taea te mahi pumau i roto i ngā taiao pāmahana tino tiketike, te pēhanga teitei me te waikura kaha. Hei tāpiri, he pai hoki ngā āhuatanga ātete mura me te ātete kakahu o ngā kirihou fluorine.
Ko te tikanga whakaputa o te hipoki taura kirihou fluorine ko te tāpiri i ngā matūriki kirihou fluorine ki te extruder ka extrude i raro i te pāmahana me te pēhanga teitei hei hanga i te hipoki taura ngongo.
He whānuitia te whakamahinga o te hipoki taura kirihou fluorine i roto i te rererangi, i ngā tipu hiko karihi, i te matū hinu me ētahi atu mara teitei, tae atu ki ngā semiconductors, i ngā whakawhitiwhiti kōrero whatu me ētahi atu mara. He tino ātete ki te waikura me te ātete ki te pāmahana teitei, ka taea te mahi pumau i roto i te taiao pāmahana teitei, te pēhanga teitei, me te waikura kaha mō te wā roa, engari he pai hoki te kaha miihini me te mahi whakaora ngāwari, ka taea te urutau ki te nekehanga miihini uaua me te taiao wiri.
Ki te whakatauritea ki ētahi atu rauemi hipoki taura, he nui ake te ātete o te hipoki taura kirihou fluorine ki te waikura me te ātete ki te pāmahana teitei, he pai mō ngā taiao mahi tino kino. Heoi, he tino teitei te utu o te hipoki taura kirihou fluorine, ā, kāore e pai mō ngā mahi hanga papatipu iti te utu.
Wā tuku: Oketopa-14-2024