I ngā tau tata nei, kua tere te whanaketanga o te umanga hiko o Haina, ā, kua tino piki haere te hangarau me te whakahaere. Nā ngā whakatutukitanga pēnei i te hiko tino teitei me ngā hangarau tino kaha kua tū a Haina hei kaiārahi o te ao. He nui ngā ahunga whakamua kua puta mai i te whakamahere, i te hanganga rānei, tae atu ki te taumata whakahaere whakahaere me te tiaki.
I te tere o te tipu o ngā ahumahi hiko, hinu, matū, kawe tereina tāone, motuka, me te hanga kaipuke o Haina, inā koa te tere o te whakawhiti whatunga hiko, te whakaurunga o ngā kaupapa hiko tino teitei, me te nekehanga ā-ao o te hanga waea me te taura ki te rohe o Āhia-Moana-nui-a-Kiwa e aro ana ki Haina, kua tere te tipu o te mākete waea me te taura ā-rohe.
Ko te rāngai hanga waea me te taura te rāngai nui rawa atu i roto i ngā wāhanga e rua tekau neke atu o te umanga hiko me te hikohiko, e kapi ana i te hauwhā o te rāngai.
I. Te Wāhanga Whakawhanaketanga Pakeke o te Ahumahi Waea me te Taura
Ko ngā panonitanga ngawari o te whanaketanga o te umanga taura o Haina i ngā tau tata nei e tohu ana i te whakawhiti mai i te wā tipu tere ki te wā pakeke:
– Te pumau o te tono mākete me te puhoi o te tipu o te ahumahi, ka hua ake he ia ki te whakapūmau i ngā tikanga me ngā tukanga hanga tuku iho, me te whakaiti i ngā hangarau whakararuraru, hurihuri rānei.
– Ko te tino tirotiro a ngā mana whakahaere e tika ana, me te aro nui ki te whakarei ake i te kounga me te hanga waitohu, e hua ake ana i ngā hihiri pai o te mākete.
– Nā ngā pānga tahi o ngā āhuatanga ā-roto me ā-waho o te ahumahi whānui, kua akiakihia ngā umanga e tutuki ana i ngā ture ki te whakatairanga i te kounga me te waitohu, e whakaatu ana i ngā ōhanga tauine i roto i te rāngai.
– Kua piki ake ngā whakaritenga mō te whakaurunga ki te umanga, te uauatanga hangarau, me te kaha o te haumi, ā, kua puta te rerekētanga i waenga i ngā hinonga. Kua kitea te pānga Matthew i waenga i ngā kamupene matua, me te pikinga ake o te maha o ngā kamupene ngoikore e puta ana i te mākete me te hekenga o ngā tāngata hou e tomo mai ana. Kei te kaha haere ngā hanumitanga ahumahi me te hanganga anō.
– E ai ki ngā raraunga i aroturukitia, i tātaritatia hoki, kua piki haere tonu te ōwehenga o ngā moni whiwhi a ngā kamupene taura kua rārangihia i roto i te umanga whānui i ia tau, i ia tau.
– I roto i ngā wāhanga motuhake o ngā ahumahi e whai hua ana ki te tauine pokapū, ehara i te mea kei te kite noa ngā kaiārahi ahumahi i te whakapainga o te kukū mākete, engari kua tipu ake hoki tō rātou whakataetae ā-ao.
II. Ngā Auahatanga o ngā Huringa Whakawhanake
Te kaha o te mākete
I te tau 2022, i eke te tapeke o te whakamahinga hiko ā-motu ki te 863.72 piriona kilowatt-haora, e tohu ana i te tipu ā-tau o te 3.6%.
Wehenga mā te ahumahi:
– Te whakapaunga hiko o te ahumahi tuatahi: 114.6 piriona kilowatt-haora, he pikinga ake mā te 10.4%.
– Te whakapaunga hiko o te ahumahi tuarua: 57,001 piriona kilowatt-haora, he pikinga ake mā te 1.2%.
– Te whakapaunga hiko o te ahumahi tuatoru: 14,859 piriona kilowatt-haora, he pikinga ake mā te 4.4%.
– Te whakapaunga hiko a ngā tāngata o te tāone me te taiwhenua: 13,366 piriona kirowati-haora, he pikinga ake mā te 13.8%.
I te mutunga o Hakihea 2022, kua eke te kaha whakaputa hiko kua tāutahia o te whenua ki te 2.56 piriona kirowati, he tipu tau-ki-te-tau o te 7.8%.
I te tau 2022, i neke atu i te 1.2 piriona kirowati te kaha katoa kua tāutahia o ngā pūtake pūngao hou, ā, ko te hiko wai, te hau, te rā, me te whakaputa hiko koiora kei te tuatahi o te ao.
Ina koa, ko te kaha o te hiko hau e tata ana ki te 370 miriona kirowati, he pikinga 11.2% ia tau, ko te kaha o te hiko rā e tata ana ki te 390 miriona kirowati, he pikinga 28.1% ia tau.
Te kaha o te mākete
I te tau 2022, i eke te tapeke o te whakamahinga hiko ā-motu ki te 863.72 piriona kilowatt-haora, e tohu ana i te tipu ā-tau o te 3.6%.
Wehenga mā te ahumahi:
– Te whakapaunga hiko o te ahumahi tuatahi: 114.6 piriona kilowatt-haora, he pikinga ake mā te 10.4%.
– Te whakapaunga hiko o te ahumahi tuarua: 57,001 piriona kilowatt-haora, he pikinga ake mā te 1.2%.
– Te whakapaunga hiko o te ahumahi tuatoru: 14,859 piriona kilowatt-haora, he pikinga ake mā te 4.4%.
– Te whakapaunga hiko a ngā tāngata o te tāone me te taiwhenua: 13,366 piriona kirowati-haora, he pikinga ake mā te 13.8%.
I te mutunga o Hakihea 2022, kua eke te kaha whakaputa hiko kua tāutahia o te whenua ki te 2.56 piriona kirowati, he tipu tau-ki-te-tau o te 7.8%.
I te tau 2022, i neke atu i te 1.2 piriona kirowati te kaha katoa kua tāutahia o ngā pūtake pūngao hou, ā, ko te hiko wai, te hau, te rā, me te whakaputa hiko koiora kei te tuatahi o te ao.
Ina koa, ko te kaha o te hiko hau e tata ana ki te 370 miriona kirowati, he pikinga 11.2% ia tau, ko te kaha o te hiko rā e tata ana ki te 390 miriona kirowati, he pikinga 28.1% ia tau.
Tūnga Pūtea
I te tau 2022, i eke te haumitanga ki ngā kaupapa hanga whatunga ki te 501.2 piriona yuan, he pikinga tau-ki-te-tau o te 2.0%.
I oti i ngā kamupene whakaputa hiko nui puta noa i te motu te haumi ki ngā kaupapa hangarau hiko, tae atu ki te 720.8 piriona yuan te tapeke, e whakaatu ana i te pikinga ā-tau o te 22.8%. I roto i ēnei, ko te haumi hiko wai he 86.3 piriona yuan, he hekenga 26.5% ā-tau; ko te haumi hiko wera he 90.9 piriona yuan, he pikinga 28.4% ā-tau; ko te haumi hiko karihi he 67.7 piriona yuan, he pikinga 25.7% ā-tau.
I ngā tau tata nei, nā te kaupapa "Belt and Road", kua tino whakawhānui ake a Haina i ana haumitanga ki te mana o Āwherika, ā, kua whānui ake te whānuitanga o te mahi tahi a Haina-Āwherika me te putanga mai o ngā whai wāhitanga hou kāore i kitea i mua. Heoi anō, he nui ake ngā take tōrangapū, ōhanga, me te pāpori kei roto i ēnei kaupapa, ā, ka puta he mōrearea nui mai i ngā koki rerekē.
Tirohanga Mākete
I tēnei wā, kua whakaputahia e ngā tari e tika ana ētahi whāinga mō te "Mahere Tau Rima 14" mō te whanaketanga pūngao me te hiko, tae atu ki te mahere mahi pūngao atamai "Ipurangi+". Kua whakaurua hoki ngā tohutohu mō te whakawhanaketanga o ngā whatunga atamai me ngā mahere mō te whakarerekētanga whatunga tohatoha.
Kāore anō kia rerekē ngā kaupapa matua pai o te ōhanga o Haina mō te wā roa, e tohuhia ana e te pakari o te ōhanga, te pūmanawa nui, te nui o te wāhi whakahaere, te tautoko tipu tonu, me te ia tonu o te arotau i ngā whakarerekētanga hanganga ōhanga.
E matapaetia ana ka eke te kaha whakaputa hiko kua tāutahia o Haina ki te 2.55 piriona kirowati, ā, ka piki ki te 2.8 piriona kirowati-haora i te tau 2025.
E whakaatu ana ngā tātaritanga kua tere te whanaketanga o te umanga hiko o Haina i ngā tau tata nei, me te pikinga nui o te tauine ahumahi. I raro i te awe o ngā hangarau hou teitei pēnei i te 5G me te Ipurangi o ngā Mea (IoT), kua uru te umanga hiko o Haina ki tētahi wāhanga hou o te panonitanga me te whakapai ake.
Ngā Wero Whakawhanake
E kitea ana te kanorau o te whanaketanga o Haina i roto i te umanga pūngao hou, me te kaha o te hiko hau tuku iho me ngā turanga photovoltaic e horapa ana ki te rokiroki pūngao, te pūngao hauwai, me ētahi atu rāngai, e hanga ana i tētahi tauira whakakotahitanga maha-pūngao. Kāore i te nui te whānuitanga o te hanganga hiko wai, e aro nui ana ki ngā teihana hiko rokiroki papu, engari kei te kitea he ngaru tipu hou o te hanganga whatunga hiko puta noa i te motu.
Kua uru te whanaketanga hiko o Haina ki tētahi wā nui o te whakarerekē i ngā tikanga, te whakatikatika i ngā hanganga, me te huri i ngā pūtake hiko. Ahakoa kua tino ahu whakamua te whakahoutanga hiko whānui, ka tūtaki te wāhanga whakahoutanga e haere ake nei ki ngā wero nui me ngā arai nui.
I te tere o te whanaketanga hiko o Haina me te haere tonu o te panoni me te whakapai ake, ko te whānui haere o te whatunga hiko, te pikinga o ngā taumata ngaohiko, te piki haere o ngā waeine whakaputa hiko kaha-teitei me ngā tawhā-teitei, me te whakaurunga nui o te whakaputa hiko pūngao hou ki roto i te whatunga hiko, e arahi katoa ana ki tētahi whirihoranga pūnaha hiko me ngā āhuatanga whakahaere uaua.
Ina koa, ko te pikinga ake o ngā mōrearea tauhou i puta mai i te whakamahinga o ngā hangarau hou pēnei i te hangarau mōhiohio kua piki ake ngā whakaritenga mō ngā āheinga tautoko pūnaha, ngā āheinga whakawhiti, me ngā āheinga whakarerekē, ā, he wero nui tēnei ki te whakahaere haumaru me te pumau o te pūnaha hiko.
Wā tuku: Hepetema-01-2023