Ngā Tikanga me ngā Momo Hanga Polyethylene
(1) Polyethylene Matotoru-iti (LDPE)
Ina tāpirihia he iti noa o te hāora, o ngā peroxide rānei hei whakaoho ki te ethylene parakore, ka pēhia ki te 202.6 kPa pea, ā, ka whakamahanahia ki te 200°C pea, ka whakakotahi te ethylene hei polyethylene mā, he rite ki te ware pi. E kiia ana tēnei tikanga ko te tukanga pēhanga-teitei nā runga i ngā āhuatanga whakahaere. Ko te mātotoru o te polyethylene ka puta ko te 0.915–0.930 g/cm³, ā, ko te taumaha ngota i waenga i te 15,000 ki te 40,000. He tino peka, he wetekina hoki tōna hanganga ngota, he rite ki te whirihoranga "rite ki te rākau", koinei te take o tōna mātotoru iti, nō reira te ingoa polyethylene iti-mātotoru.
(2) Polyethylene Matotoru-Waenga (MDPE)
Ko te tukanga pēhanga-waenga ko te whakakotahi i te ethylene i raro i te 30–100 hau mā te whakamahi i ngā whakakorikori waikura whakarewa. Ko te mātotoru o te polyethylene ka puta ko te 0.931–0.940 g/cm³. Ka taea hoki te whakaputa MDPE mā te whakaranu i te polyethylene mātotoru-teitei (HDPE) me te LDPE, mā te whakakotahi rānei i te ethylene me ngā comonomers pērā i te butene, te vinyl acetate, ngā acrylates rānei.
(3) Polyethylene Matotoru-Teitei (HDPE)
I raro i ngā āhuatanga pāmahana me te pēhanga noa, ka whakapūhuitia te ethylene mā te whakamahi i ngā whakakorikori taunga tino whai hua (ngā matū whakapūmau i hangaia mai i te alkylaluminum me te titanium tetrachloride). Nā te kaha whakakorikori teitei, ka taea te whakaoti tere i te tauhohenga whakapūhui i ngā pēhanga iti (0–10 atm) me ngā pāmahana iti (60–75°C), nō reira te ingoa o te tukanga pēhanga-iti. Ko te polyethylene hua he hanganga ngota kore manga, he rārangi, e whai wāhi ana ki tōna kiato teitei (0.941–0.965 g/cm³). Ki te whakatauritea ki te LDPE, he pai ake te ātete wera o te HDPE, ngā āhuatanga miihini, me te ātete pakaru-aukati taiao.
Ngā Āhuatanga o te Polyethylene
He kirihou mā-miraka te polyethylene, he rite ki te ware pi, he āhua mārama, ā, he mea tino pai hei ārai me te hipoki mō ngā waea me ngā taura. Ko ōna painga matua ko:
(1) Ngā āhuatanga hiko tino pai: he ātete teitei ki te whakamarumaru me te kaha o te dielectric; he iti te permittivity (ε) me te tangent mate dielectric (tanδ) puta noa i te whānuitanga o te auau, me te iti o te whakawhirinaki ki te auau, e tata ana ki te dielectric tino pai mō ngā taura whakawhitiwhiti kōrero.
(2) Ngā āhuatanga miihini pai: ngāwari engari pakari, me te ātete pai ki te hurihanga.
(3) He ātete kaha ki te koroheketanga wera, te pakarukaru i te pāmahana iti, me te pumau matū.
(4) He tino ātete ki te wai, he iti hoki te mimiti i te makuku; kāore te ātete whakamarumaru e heke iho ina rumakina ki te wai.
(5) Hei rauemi kore-porowhita, he nui te uruhanga hau, ko te LDPE te mea nui rawa atu i roto i ngā kirihou.
(6) He iti te taumaha motuhake, kei raro katoa i te 1. He tino kitea te LDPE i te 0.92 karamu/cm³, engari ko te HDPE, ahakoa tōna matotoru teitei, he tata noa ki te 0.94 karamu/cm³.
(7) Ngā āhuatanga tukatuka pai: he ngāwari ki te rewa me te whakakirihou me te kore e pirau, he tere te whakamatao ki te āhua, ā, ka taea te whakahaere tika i te āhua me ngā ine o te hua.
(8) He māmā ngā taura i hangaia ki te polyethylene, he ngāwari ki te tāuta, ā, he ngāwari hoki ki te whakamutu. Heoi anō, he maha ngā ngoikoretanga o te polyethylene: he iti te pāmahana whakangawari; he ngāwari ki te mura, ka puta he kakara rite ki te paraffin ina tahuna; he iti te ātete ki te pakaru o te taiao me te ātete ki te ngokingoki. Me aro nui ina whakamahia te polyethylene hei whakamarumaru, hei hipoki rānei mō ngā taura ruku wai, ngā taura rānei kua tāutahia ki ngā pari poutū.
Ngā Kirihou Polyethylene mō ngā Waea me ngā Taura
(1) Kirihou Polyethylene Whakamarumaru Whānui
He mea hanga noa iho i te kapia polyethylene me ngā antioxidants.
(2) Kirihou Polyethylene Ātete-Huarere
He mea hanga te nuinga mai i te kapia polyethylene, ngā antioxidants, me te waro pango. Ko te ātete ki te huarere e whakawhirinaki ana ki te rahi o te matūriki, te nui o te matūriki, me te marara o te waro pango.
(3) Kirihou Polyethylene Ātete-Pāngarau Taiao
E whakamahi ana i te polyethylene me te taupū rere rewa i raro i te 0.3 me te tohatoha taumaha ngota whaiti. Ka taea hoki te hono i te polyethylene mā te irahiko, mā ngā tikanga matū rānei.
(4) Kirihou Polyethylene Ārai Ngaohiko Teitei
Ko te whakamarumaru o ngā taura ngaohiko teitei me whakamahi i te kirihou polyethylene tino parakore, me ngā mea whakau ngaohiko me ngā taputapu whakaputa motuhake hei ārai i te hanganga āputa, hei pehi i te rere o te kapia, hei whakapai ake i te ātete ki te pewa, te ātete ki te horo hiko, me te ātete ki te korona.
(5) Kirihou Polyethylene Āhua-Arahi
I hangaia mā te tāpiri i te pango waro kawe hiko ki te polyethylene, mā te whakamahi i te pango waro hanganga teitei, matūriki-pai.
(6) He matū taura polyolefin kirihou-iti-paowa Kore-Halogen (LSZH)
Ka whakamahia e tēnei matū te kapia polyethylene hei rauemi turanga, kei roto ko ngā aukati mura kore-halogen tino whai hua, ngā aukati paowa, ngā whakaū wera, ngā kaihoko harore, me ngā tae, i tukatukahia mā te whakaranu, te whakakirihou, me te whakapūpū.
Polyethylene Hononga-whiti (XLPE)
I raro i te mahi a te hihi kaha-teitei, ngā kaihoko hononga rānei, ka huri te hanganga ngota ngota raina o te polyethylene hei hanganga toru-ahu (whatunga), ka huri i te rauemi thermoplastic hei thermoset. Ina whakamahia hei whakamahana,XLPEka taea te tu atu i ngā pāmahana mahi tonu tae atu ki te 90°C me ngā pāmahana ara-poto o te 170–250°C. Kei roto i ngā tikanga whakawhiti ko te whakawhiti ā-tinana me te whakawhiti matū. He tikanga ā-tinana te whakawhiti irahiko, ko te kaihoko whakawhiti matū tino noa ko te DCP (dicumyl peroxide).
Wā tuku: Paenga-whāwhā-10-2025