I te whanaketanga o te hapori hou, kua noho ngā whatunga hei wāhanga nui o te oranga o ia rā, ā, ko te tuku tohu whatunga e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā taura whatunga (e kiia ana ko ngā taura Ethernet). Hei matatini ahumahi hou e nekenekehia ana i te moana, kei te piki haere te aunoatanga me te mohio o te hangarau moana me te tai. He uaua ake te taiao, e whakatakoto ana i ngā tono nui ake ki te hanganga o ngā taura Ethernet me ngā rauemi taura e whakamahia ana. I tēnei rā, ka whakamāramahia e mātou ngā āhuatanga hanganga, ngā tikanga whakarōpūtanga, me ngā whirihoranga rauemi matua o ngā taura Ethernet moana.
1. Whakarōpūtanga Taura
(1). E ai ki te Mahi Tuku
Ko ngā taura Ethernet e whakamahia whānuitia ana e tātou he mea hanga ki ngā hanganga takirua takai arataki parahi, kei roto ko ngā arataki parahi kotahi, maha-aho rānei, ngā rauemi whakamahana PE, PO rānei, kua takai takirua, kātahi ka hangaia kia whā ngā takirua hei taura katoa. I runga i te mahi, ka taea te whiriwhiri i ngā momo taura rerekē:
Kāwai 5E (CAT5E): Ko te hipoki o waho he mea hanga ki te PVC, ki te polyolefin kore-hauora iti-paowa rānei, me te auau tuku o te 100MHz me te tere mōrahi o te 1000Mbps. He whānuitia te whakamahinga i roto i ngā whatunga kāinga me ngā whatunga tari whānui.
Kāwai 6 (CAT6): E whakamahi ana i ngā ara iahiko parahi kounga teitei ake, mepolyethylene matotoru (HDPE)he rauemi whakamarumaru, me te wehewehe hanganga, e whakanui ana i te whānui o te hononga ki te 250MHz mō te tuku tuku pumau ake.
Kāwai 6A (CAT6A): Ka piki te auau ki te 500MHz, ka eke te tere tuku ki te 10Gbps, ka whakamahia te rīpene Mylar pepa konumohe hei rauemi ārai takirua, ā, ka honoa ki te rauemi hipoki kore-hauora iti-mahi teitei hei whakamahi i roto i ngā pokapū raraunga.
Kāwai 7 / 7A (CAT7/CAT7A): E whakamahi ana i te ara iahiko parahi kore-hāora 0.57mm, ia takirua kua tiakina kipepa konumohe rīpene Mylar+ te whiri waea parahi tine whānui, e whakarei ake ana i te pono o te tohu me te tautoko i te tuku tere-tiketike 10Gbps.
Kāwai 8 (CAT8): He hanganga SFTP me te parenga paparua-rua (he rīpene Mylar pepa konumohe mō ia takirua me te whiri whānui), ā, ko te takotoranga he rauemi takotoranga XLPO ātete-mura, e tautoko ana i te tere tae atu ki te 2000MHz me te 40Gbps, e tika ana mō ngā hononga taputapu i roto i ngā pokapū raraunga.
(2). E ai ki te Hanganga Parepare
E ai ki te whakamahinga o ngā rauemi whakamarumaru i roto i te hanganga, ka taea te wehewehe i ngā taura Ethernet kia:
UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair): Ka whakamahia he rauemi whakamahana PO, HDPE rānei anake, kāore he parenga tāpiri, he iti te utu, he pai mō ngā taiao he iti noa te pokanoa hikohiko.
STP (Pair Miro Ārai): Ka whakamahia he rīpene Mylar, he waea parahi rānei hei rauemi ārai, hei whakarei ake i te ātete ki ngā pokanoa, ā, he pai mō ngā taiao hikohiko matatini.
He maha ngā wā ka pāngia ngā taura Ethernet moana e te kaha o te wawaotanga hikohiko, e hiahiatia ana he hanganga parepare teitei ake. Ko ngā whirihoranga noa ko:
F/UTP: Ka whakamahi i te pepa konumohe Mylar hei paparanga tiaki whānui, e tika ana mō te CAT5E me te CAT6, e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā pūnaha whakahaere o runga.
SF/UTP: Rīpene Mylar pepa konumohe + parenga parahi tahanga, e whakarei ake ana i te ātete EMI whānui, e whakamahia whānuitia ana mō te mana moana me te tuku tohu.
S/FTP: Ka whakamahia e ia takirua miro te rīpene Mylar pepa konumohe hei ārai takitahi, me te paparanga o waho o te waea parahi hei ārai whānui, me te rauemi hipoki XLPO ātete-mura. He hanganga noa tēnei mō ngā taura CAT6A me runga ake.
2. Ngā Rerekētanga o ngā Taura Ethernet Moana
Ki te whakatauritea ki ngā taura Ethernet whenua, he mārama ngā rerekētanga o ngā taura Ethernet moana i roto i te kōwhiringa rauemi me te hoahoa hanganga. Nā te taiao moana kino—he nui te kohu tote, he nui te haumākū, he kaha te pokanoa hikohiko, he kaha te hihi UV, me te mura—me tutuki i ngā rauemi taura ngā paerewa teitei ake mō te haumaru, te roa, me te mahi miihini.
(1). Ngā Whakaritenga Paerewa
Ko ngā taura Ethernet moana he mea hanga kia rite ki te IEC 61156-5 me te IEC 61156-6. Ko ngā taura whakapae he mea whakamahi i ngā ara iahiko parahi totoka me ngā rauemi whakamarumaru HDPE hei whakatutuki i te tawhiti tuku me te pumau pai ake; ko ngā taura papaki i roto i ngā rūma raraunga he mea whakamahi i ngā ara iahiko parahi kua werohia me te whakamarumaru PO, PE rānei kia māmā ake ai te ara i ngā wāhi kuiti.
(2). Te Ātete ki te Ahi me te Ātete ki te Ahi
Hei ārai i te horapa o te ahi, he maha ngā wā ka whakamahia e ngā taura Ethernet moana ngā rauemi polyolefin ātete ahi kore-halogen iti-paoa (pēnei i te LSZH, XLPO, me ētahi atu) hei hipoki, e tutuki ana i ngā paerewa ātete ahi IEC 60332, IEC 60754 (kore-halogen), me te IEC 61034 (paoa iti). Mō ngā pūnaha nui, ka tāpirihia he rīpene mika me ētahi atu rauemi ātete ahi hei whakatutuki i ngā paerewa ātete ahi IEC 60331, kia mau tonu ai ngā mahi whakawhitiwhiti kōrero i ngā wā o ngā aituā ahi.
(3). Te Ātete Hinu, te Ātete Waikura, me te Hanganga Parepare
I roto i ngā waeine taiwhenua pērā i ngā FPSO me ngā mīhini keri wai, he maha ngā wā ka pāngia ngā taura Ethernet e te hinu me ngā mea waikura. Hei whakapai ake i te roa o te takotoranga, ka whakamahia ngā rauemi takotoranga polyolefin honohono-whiti (SHF2) me ngā rauemi SHF2 MUD ātete-paru, e tutuki ana i ngā paerewa ātete matū NEK 606. Hei whakarei ake i te kaha ā-ringa, ka taea te whakakakahu i ngā taura ki te whiri waea maitai kua whakakikoruatia (GSWB) te whiri waea parahi tine rānei (TCWB), e whakarato ana i te kaha pēhanga me te kaha kume, me te ārai hikohiko hei tiaki i te pono o te tohu.
(4). Te Ātete ki te UV me te Mahi Pakeke
He maha ngā wā ka pāngia ngā taura Ethernet moana e te rā tika, nō reira me tino ātete ngā rauemi hipoki ki te UV. I te nuinga o te wā, ka whakamahia, ka whakamatautauria hoki te hipoki polyolefin me te pango waro, ngā tāpiringa ātete UV rānei i raro i ngā paerewa tawhito UV UL1581, ASTM G154-16 rānei hei whakarite i te pumau ā-tinana me te roa o te ora ratonga i roto i ngā taiao UV teitei.
Hei whakarāpopototanga, ko ia paparanga o te hoahoa taura Ethernet moana e hono tata ana ki te whiriwhiri tupato i ngā rauemi taura. Ko ngā ara iahiko parahi kounga teitei, ngā rauemi whakamahana HDPE, PO rānei, te rīpene Mylar pepa konumohe, te whiri waea parahi, te rīpene mika, te rauemi hipoki XLPO, me ngā rauemi hipoki SHF2 e hanga tahi ana i tētahi pūnaha taura whakawhitiwhiti kōrero e kaha ana ki te tu atu i ngā taiao moana kino. Hei kaiwhakarato rauemi taura, e mārama ana mātou ki te hiranga o te kounga rauemi ki te mahi o te taura katoa, ā, e whakapau kaha ana mātou ki te whakarato i ngā otinga rauemi pono, haumaru, me te mahi teitei mō ngā ahumahi moana me ngā ahumahi taiwhenua.
Wā tuku: Pipiri-16-2025