1. Waea maitai
Hei whakarite kia taea e te taura te tu atu i te taumahatanga tuaka i te wā e whakatakotoria ana, e whakamahia ana hoki, me whai wāhanga te taura e taea ai te pikau i te kawenga, te mea whakarewa, te mea kore-whakarewa, me te whakamahi i te waea maitai kaha-teitei hei wāhanga whakapakari, kia pai ai te ātete o te taura ki te pēhanga taha, te ātete pānga, ka whakamahia hoki te waea maitai mō te taura i waenganui i te takotoranga o roto me te takotoranga o waho mō te pukupuku. E ai ki te nui o te waro, ka taea te wehewehe ki te waea maitai waro-nui me te waea maitai waro-iti.
(1) Waea maitai waro-teitei
Me tutuki i te waea maitai waro-teitei ngā whakaritenga hangarau o te maitai waro kounga teitei GB699, ko te ihirangi o te whanariki me te whākōkī he tata ki te 0.03%, e ai ki te maimoatanga mata rerekē ka taea te wehewehe ki te waea maitai piauau me te waea maitai whakapūkara. Ko te waea maitai piauau me whai kia ōrite, kia maeneene, kia piri pūmau te paparanga konutea, kia ma te mata o te waea maitai, kia kore he hinu, kia kore he wai, kia kore he paru; ko te paparanga whakapūkara o te waea whakapūkara kia ōrite, kia kanapa, kia kore hoki he hinu, he wai, he waikura me ngā maru i te mata o te waea. Nā te iti o te nui o te whanaketanga hauwai, he mea noa ake te whakamahi i te waea maitai whakapūkara i ēnei rā.
(2) Waea maitai waro iti
Ko te waea rino waro iti te tikanga e whakamahia ana mō ngā taura ārai, me whakakikorua te mata o te waea rino ki tētahi paparanga konutea ōrite, tonu, kaua te paparanga konutea e whai kapiti, e tohu rānei. I muri i te whakamātautau takai, kaua e whakamahia he maihao tahanga hei ūkui i te kapiti, te whakapiri me te taka.
2. Miro maitai
I te whanaketanga o te taura ki te tau matua nui, ka piki ake te taumaha o te taura, ā, ka piki ake hoki te taumahatanga e tika ana kia mau i te whakakaha. Hei whakapai ake i te kaha o te taura whatu ki te pikau i te kawenga me te ātete i te taumahatanga tuaka ka puta mai i te whakatakotoranga me te whakamahinga o te taura whatu, ko te aho maitai hei wāhanga whakakaha o te taura whatu te mea tino pai, ā, he ngāwari. He maha ngā aho waea maitai e mirohia ana e te aho maitai, e ai ki te hanganga wāhanga ka taea te wehewehe kia toru ngā momo 1×3,1×7,1×19. Ko te aho maitai 1×7 te tikanga e whakamahia ana e te whakakaha taura, ā, e rima ngā taumata o te aho maitai e ai ki te kaha kume: 175, 1270, 1370, 1470 me te 1570MPa, me nui ake te modulus elastic o te aho maitai i te 180GPa. Me tutuki te maitai e whakamahia ana mō te aho maitai i ngā whakaritenga o te GB699 "Ngā Tikanga Hangarau mō te hanganga maitai waro kounga teitei", ā, me whakakikorua te mata o te waea maitai piauau e whakamahia ana mō te aho maitai ki tētahi paparanga konutea ōrite, tonu, ā, kaua hoki he ira, he kapiti, he wāhi rānei kāore he whakakikorua konutea. Kia ōrite te whānui me te tawhiti takoto o te waea aho, ā, kaua e wetekina i muri i te tapahi, ā, me hono tata te waea maitai o te aho, kia kore e whiti, e whati, e piko rānei.
3.FRP
Ko te FRP te whakarāpopototanga o te reta tuatahi o te kirihou whakakaha muka Ingarihi, he rauemi kore-whakarewa he mata maeneene me te diameter o waho ōrite i whiwhihia mā te paninga i te mata o ngā miro maha o te muka karāhe ki te kapia whakamaroke mārama, ā, he mahi whakakaha i roto i te taura whatu. Nā te mea he rauemi kore-whakarewa te FRP, kei a ia ēnei painga ki te whakataurite ki te whakakaha whakarewa: (1) Kāore ngā rauemi kore-whakarewa e pāngia e te ru hiko, ā, he pai te taura whatu mō ngā wāhi uira; (2) Kāore te FRP e whakaputa i te tauhohenga hikohiko me te makuku, kāore e whakaputa i ngā hau kino me ētahi atu huānga, ā, he pai mō ngā wāhi ua, wera me te haumākū; (3) kāore e whakaputa i te iahiko whakaawe, ka taea te whakatū ki runga i te raina ngaohiko teitei; (4) He māmā ngā āhuatanga o te FRP, ka taea te whakaiti i te taumaha o te taura. Me maeneene te mata FRP, me iti te kore-porowhita, me ōrite te diameter, ā, kaua he hononga i roto i te roa kōpae paerewa.
4. Āramita
Ko te aramid (muka polyp-benzoyl amide) he momo muka motuhake he kaha teitei, he modulus teitei hoki. He mea hanga mai i te waikawa p-aminobenzoic hei monomer, i te aroaro o te whakakorikori, i roto i te pūnaha NMP-LiCl, mā te polymerization condensation solution, kātahi mā te miro mākū me te maimoatanga wera teitei. I tēnei wā, ko ngā hua e whakamahia ana ko te tauira hua KEVLAR49 i hangaia e DuPont i te United States me te tauira hua Twaron i hangaia e Akzonobel i Netherlands. Nā te mea he tino pai te ātete ki te pāmahana teitei me te ātete ki te waikura wera, ka whakamahia i roto i te hanga o te whakakaha taura whatu tautoko-ā-waenga katoa (ADSS).
5. Miro muka karāhe
Ko te miro muka karāhe he rauemi kore-whakarewa e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te whakapakari taura whatu, he mea hanga mai i ngā miro muka karāhe maha. He tino pai te ātete ki te whakamarumaru me te waikura, me te kaha kume teitei me te iti o te ngāwari, he mea tino pai mō te whakapakari kore-whakarewa i roto i ngā taura whatu. Ki te whakatauritea ki ngā rauemi whakarewa, he mama ake te miro muka karāhe, ā, kāore e whakaputa i te iahiko whakaputa, nō reira he tino pai mō ngā raina ngaohiko teitei me ngā tono taura whatu i roto i ngā taiao mākū. Hei tāpiri, he pai te ātete kakahu me te ātete huarere o te miro muka karāhe i te whakamahinga, e whakarite ana i te pumau roa o te taura i roto i ngā taiao maha.
Wā tuku: 26 o Ākuhata-2024