I te nuinga o te wā, e rua ngā momo muka: ko ngā mea e tautoko ana i ngā ara horapa maha, i ngā momo whakawhiti rānei, ka kiia ko ngā muka aratau-maha (MMF), ā, ko ngā mea e tautoko ana i te aratau kotahi ka kiia ko ngā muka aratau-kotahi (SMF). Engari he aha te rerekētanga i waenganui i a rāua? Mā te pānui i tēnei tuhinga koe e āwhina ki te kimi i te whakautu.
He Tirohanga Whānui mō te Taura muka whatu aratau kotahi me te maha-aratau
Mā te muka aratau kotahi ka taea te hora i te aratau mārama kotahi i te wā kotahi, engari ka taea e te muka whatu maha-aratau te hora i ngā aratau maha. Ko ngā rerekētanga matua i waenganui i a rātou ko te diameter o te matua muka, te roanga ngaru me te pūtake mārama, te whānui o te whānui, te uhi tae, te tawhiti, te utu, me ētahi atu.
He aha te rerekētanga i waenganui i te muka aratau kotahi me te muka aratau maha?
Kua tae ki te wā ki te whakataurite i te aratau kotahi me te aratau mahamuka whatume te mārama ki ō rātou rerekētanga.
Diameter Matua
He iti ake te rahi o te matua o te taura Aratau Kotahi, arā, 9μm te nuinga, ā, ka taea te whakaiti i te kaha o te taura, te whānui o te hononga, me te tawhiti tuku roa ake.
He rerekē, he nui ake te rahi o te matua o te muka whatu maha-aratau, ko te nuinga he 62.5μm, he 50μm rānei, ko OM1 kei te 62.5μm me OM2/OM3/OM4/OM5 kei te 5μm. Ahakoa he rerekētanga te rahi, kāore e kitea ngāwari e te kanohi tahanga nā te mea he iti ake i te whānui o te makawe tangata. Mā te tirotiro i te waehere kua tāia ki te taura muka whatu ka āwhina i te tautuhi i te momo.
Me te hipoki tiaki, he 125μm te diameter o ngā muka aratau kotahi me ngā muka aratau maha.
Roanga ngaru me te Pūtake Mārama
Ko te muka whatu maha-aratau, me tōna rahi matua nui, ka whakamahi i ngā pūtake mārama iti te utu pērā i ngā rama LED me ngā VCSEL i ngā roangaru 850nm me te 1300nm. He rerekē, ko te taura aratau kotahi me tōna matua iti, ka whakamahi i ngā taiaho, i ngā taiaho taiaho rānei hei whakaputa mārama ka werohia ki roto i te taura, i te nuinga o te wā i ngā roangaru 1310nm me te 1550nm.
Whānuitanga o te arai
He rerekē ngā kaha o te whānui o te raraunga o ēnei momo muka e rua. He tata kore mutunga te whānui o te raraunga o te muka aratau-kotahi nā te mea e tautoko ana i te aratau pūtake mārama kotahi, ā, ka iti ake te whakaiti me te horapa o te raraunga. Koinei te whiringa pai mō ngā whakawhitiwhiti kōrero tere-teitei i ngā tawhiti roa.
I tētahi atu ringa, ka taea e te muka aratau maha te tuku i ngā momo whatu maha, engari he nui ake te whakaiti me te horapa nui ake, ka whakawhāiti i tōna whānui.
He pai ake te kaha o te whānui o te hononga i te muka aratau-kotahi i te muka whatu aratau-maha.
Whakaiti
He iti ake te ngoikore o te muka aratau kotahi, engari he ngāwari ake te ngoikore o te muka aratau maha.
Tawhiti
Nā te iti o te whakaiti me te horapa o te taura aratau kotahi, ka roa ake te tawhiti tuku i te aratau maha. He iti te utu o te aratau maha engari he iti noa ngā hononga poto (hei tauira, 550m mō te 1Gbps), ko te aratau kotahi ia e whakamahia ana mō te tuku tawhiti rawa.
Utu
Ina whakaarohia te utu katoa, e toru ngā wāhanga e whai wāhi nui ana.
Te Utu Tāutanga
Ko te utu tāutanga mō te muka aratau-kotahi e kiia ana he nui ake i te taura aratau-maha nā ōna painga. Heoi, ko te mea pono ko te ritenga kē. Nā te pai ake o te hanga, ka penapenahia te 20-30% ki te whakaritea ki te muka aratau-maha. Mō ngā muka OM3/OM4/OM5 utu nui ake, ka taea e te aratau-kotahi te penapena tae atu ki te 50%, neke atu rānei. Heoi, me whai whakaaro anō hoki ki te utu mō te taputapu whakawhiti whatu.
Te Utu o te Pūwhakawhiti Whatu
He wāhanga nui te utu o te taputapu whakawhiti whatu i roto i ngā taura muka, ā, he nui te utu, tae atu ki te 70% o te utu katoa i ētahi wā. Ko te utu mō ngā taputapu whakawhiti aratau kotahi he 1.2 ki te 6 ngā wā nui atu i ngā mea aratau maha. Nā te mea ka whakamahia e te aratau kotahi ngā diode taiaho mana-teitei (LD), he nui ake te utu, ko ngā taputapu aratau maha ia ka whakamahia ngā LED, ngā VCSELS rānei he iti ake te utu.
Te Utu Whakapai Pūnaha
I te tere o te whanaketanga o te hangarau, he maha ngā wā e hiahiatia ana ngā whakapainga me te whakawhānui i ngā pūnaha taura. He nui ake te kaha o te taura muka whatu aratau kotahi ki te whakawhanui, ki te ngāwari, me te urutau. Nā te iti o te whānui o te taura me ngā āheinga tawhiti poto, tera pea ka uaua ki te whakatutuki i ngā hiahia o te heke mai mō te tuku tohu tawhiti me te nui o te oro.
He māmā ake te whakapai ake i tētahi pūnaha muka whatu aratau kotahi, mā te whakawhiti noa i te pana me ngā taputapu whakawhiti me te kore e hiahiatia he muka hou. He rerekē, mō te taura aratau maha, mā te whakahou mai i OM2 ki OM3, kātahi ki OM4 mō te tuku tere ake ka nui ake ngā utu, inā koa ka whakawhitihia ngā muka i whakatakotoria i raro i te papa.
Hei whakarāpopototanga, he pai te aratau maha mō ngā tawhiti poto, ko te aratau kotahi ia he pai mō ngā tawhiti waenga ki te tawhiti roa.
Tae
Mā te waehere tae ka māmā ake te tautuhi i te momo taura. Mā te TlA-598C ka whakaratohia te waehere tae kua tūtohutia e te umanga kia māmā ake ai te mōhio.
Ko te nuinga o ngā aratau maha OM1 me OM2 he koti karaka kei a rātou.
He tae Aqua te nuinga o ngā OM3.
Ko ngā OM4 he Aqua, he Waiporoporo rānei ō rātou tae.
He kakariki raima te tae o OM5.
Ko te aratau kotahi OS1 me te OS2 he maha ngā wā me ngā koti kōwhai.
Tono
Ko te taura aratau kotahi te mea e whakamahia nuitia ana i roto i ngā pūnaha tuara tawhiti me ngā pūnaha metro i roto i ngā whatunga waea, raraunga, me te CATV.
I tētahi atu taha, ka whakamahia te taura maha-aratau i roto i ngā tono tawhiti-poto pēnei i ngā pokapū raraunga, te rorohiko kapua, ngā pūnaha haumarutanga, me ngā LAN (Whatunga Rohe ā-Rohe).
Whakamutunga
Hei whakamutunga, he pai rawa te taura muka aratau-kotahi mō te tuku raraunga tawhiti i roto i ngā whatunga kawe, ngā MAN, me ngā PON. I tētahi atu taha, he nui ake te whakamahinga o te taura muka aratau-maha i roto i ngā umanga, ngā pokapū raraunga, me ngā LAN nā te mea he poto ake te toronga. Ko te mea nui ko te whiriwhiri i te momo muka e pai ana mō ō whakaritenga whatunga me te whakaaro ki te utu muka katoa. Hei kaihoahoa whatunga, he mea nui te whakatau i tēnei mō te whakatūnga whatunga whai hua me te pono.
Wā tuku: Pipiri-19-2025