Ko ngā wāhanga hanganga o ngā hua waea me te taura ka taea te wehewehe kia whā ngā wāhanga matua:ngā kaiārahi, ngā paparanga whakamarumaru, ngā paparanga ārai me ngā paparanga tiaki, me ngā wāhanga whakakī me ngā wāhanga kume. E ai ki ngā whakaritenga whakamahinga me ngā horopaki tono, he tino māmā ētahi hanganga hua, he ara iahiko anake hei wāhanga hanganga, pērā i ngā waea tahanga o runga, ngā waea whatunga whakapā, ngā pae pahi parahi-konumohe (pae pahi), me ētahi atu. Ko te whakamarumaru hiko o waho o ēnei hua e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā ārai i te wā tāutanga me te tawhiti ā-wāhi (arā, te whakamarumaru hau) hei whakarite i te haumaru.
1. Ngā Kaiārahi
Ko ngā kaiārahi hiko ngā wāhanga tino taketake, tino nui hoki e kawenga ana mō te tuku i ngā mōhiohio o te iahiko hiko, o te ngaru hikohiko rānei i roto i tētahi hua. Ko ngā kaiārahi hiko, e kiia ana ko ngā matua waea kaiārahi hiko, he mea hanga mai i ngā konganuku kore-ferrous kaiārahi hiko teitei pērā i te parahi, te konumohe, me ētahi atu. Ko ngā taura muka whatu e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā whatunga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero whatu e tere whanake ana i roto i ngā tau toru tekau kua pahure ake nei e whakamahi ana i ngā muka whatu hei kaiārahi hiko.
2. Ngā Paparanga Ārai
Ka takai ēnei wāhanga i ngā kaiārahi hiko, ka whakarato i te ārai hiko. Ka whakarite kia haere noa te au, ngā ngaru hikohiko/whatu rānei e tukuna ana i te taha o te kaiārahi hiko, kaua ki waho. Ka pupuri ngā paparanga ārai i te pūmanawa (arā, te ngaohiko) i runga i te kaiārahi hiko mai i te awe i ngā mea e karapoti ana, ā, ka whakarite hoki i te mahi tuku noa o te kaiārahi hiko me te haumaru o waho mō ngā mea me ngā tāngata.
Ko ngā kaiārahi hiko me ngā paparanga whakamarumaru ngā wāhanga matua e rua e tika ana mō ngā hua taura (haunga ngā waea tahanga).
I roto i ngā āhuatanga taiao rerekē i te wā tāutanga me te whakahaere, me whai wāhanga tiaki ngā hua waea me ngā taura, inā koa mō te paparanga whakamarumaru. E mōhiotia ana ēnei wāhanga he paparanga tiaki.
Nā te mea me tino pai ngā āhuatanga hiko o ngā rauemi whakamahana, me tino parakore, me iti hoki te poke. Heoi, kāore e taea e ēnei rauemi te tiaki i a rātou anō mai i ngā āhuatanga o waho (arā, ngā kaha miihini i te wā e tāuta ana, e whakamahia ana rānei, te ātete ki ngā āhuatanga o te hau, ngā matū, ngā hinu, ngā tūmomo mōrearea koiora, me ngā tūmomo mōrearea ahi). Ka tutukihia ēnei whakaritenga e ngā hanganga paparanga tiaki maha.
Mō ngā taura i hangaia mō ngā taiao o waho e pai ana (hei tauira, ngā wāhi ma, maroke, o roto kāore he kaha ā-pūkaha o waho), i ngā wā rānei e whakaatu ana te paparanga whakamarumaru i te kaha ā-pūkaha me te ātete ki te āhuarangi, kāore pea he hiahia mō tētahi paparanga tiaki hei wāhanga.
4. Te ārai
He wāhanga tēnei i roto i ngā hua taura e wehe ana i te papa hikohiko i roto i te taura mai i ngā papa hikohiko o waho. Ahakoa i waenga i ngā takirua waea rerekē, i ngā rōpū rānei i roto i ngā hua taura, he mea tika te wehe tahi. Ka taea te whakaahua i te paparanga ārai hei "mata wehe hikohiko".
Mō ngā tau maha, kua whakaarohia e te umanga te paparanga ārai hei wāhanga o te hanganga paparanga tiaki. Heoi, e whakaarohia ana me whakaaro hei wāhanga motuhake. Nā te mea ko te mahi a te paparanga ārai ehara i te mea ko te wehe hikohiko anake i ngā mōhiohio e tukuna ana i roto i te hua taura, kia kore ai e turuturu, e whakararuraru rānei i ngā taputapu o waho, i ētahi atu raina rānei, engari ko te aukati hoki i ngā ngaru hikohiko o waho kia uru ki te hua taura mā te hononga hikohiko. He rerekē ēnei whakaritenga i ngā mahi paparanga tiaki tuku iho. Hei tāpiri, kāore te paparanga ārai e whakatakotoria ki waho anake i roto i te hua engari kei waenganui i ia takirua waea, i ngā takirua maha rānei i roto i te taura. I roto i te tekau tau kua pahure ake nei, nā te tere o te whanaketanga o ngā pūnaha tuku mōhiohio e whakamahi ana i ngā waea me ngā taura, me te piki haere o ngā pūtake whakararuraru ngaru hikohiko i roto i te hau, kua piki haere te maha o ngā hanganga ārai. Kua whānuitia te mōhio ko te paparanga ārai he wāhanga matua o ngā hua taura.
He maha ngā hua waea me ngā taura he maha-matua, pērā i te nuinga o ngā taura hiko iti-ngaohiko he taura matua-whā, he taura matua-rima rānei (e tika ana mō ngā pūnaha wāhanga-toru), ā, ko ngā taura waea tāone kei waenganui i te 800 takirua ki te 3600 takirua. I muri i te whakakotahitanga o ēnei matua kua whakamahanatia, o ēnei takirua waea rānei ki roto i te taura (ki te whakarōpū maha rānei), ka puta he āhua koretake me ngā āputa nui i waenganui i ngā matua kua whakamahanatia, i ngā takirua waea rānei. Nō reira, me whakauru he hanganga whakakī i te wā e huihui ana te taura. Ko te kaupapa o tēnei hanganga he pupuri i te diameter o waho ōrite i te wā e takai ana, e whakahaere ana i te takai me te whakaputanga o te uhi. Hei tāpiri, ka whakarite i te pumau o te taura me te hanganga o roto, ka tohatoha ōrite i ngā kaha i te wā e whakamahia ana (te totoro, te pēhi, me te piko i te wā e hanga ana me te whakatakoto) hei ārai i te kino ki te hanganga o roto o te taura.
Nō reira, ahakoa he āwhina te hanganga whakakī, he mea tika tonu. Kei reira ngā ture taipitopito e pā ana ki te whiriwhiri rauemi me te hoahoa o tēnei hanganga.
Ko ngā hua waea me ngā taura tuku iho e whakawhirinaki ana ki te paparanga ārai o te paparanga tiaki hei tu atu i ngā kaha kume o waho, i te kume rānei i puta mai i tō rātou ake taumaha. Ko ngā hanganga noa ko te ārai rīpene maitai me te ārai waea maitai (pērā i te whakamahi i ngā waea maitai matotoru 8mm, kua mirohia hei paparanga ārai, mō ngā taura ruku). Heoi, i roto i ngā taura muka whatu, hei tiaki i te muka mai i ngā kaha kume iti, me te karo i tētahi āhua rerekē ka pā ki te mahi tuku, ka whakauruhia ngā paninga tuatahi me te tuarua me ngā wāhanga kume motuhake ki roto i te hanganga taura. Hei tauira, i roto i ngā taura pane waea pūkoro, ka tukuna he waea parahi pai, he rīpene parahi angiangi rānei e takai ana i te muka hangai ki tētahi paparanga ārai, ka mahi te muka hangai hei wāhanga kume. I te nuinga o te wā, i ngā tau tata nei, i roto i te whanaketanga o ngā hua iti me te ngāwari motuhake e hiahia ana ki ngā piko me ngā takai maha, he mahi nui tā ngā huānga kume.
Wā tuku: Hakihea-19-2023