Ko te waea ārai mura, e pā ana ki te waea me ngā āhuatanga ārai ahi, i te nuinga o te wā i roto i te take o te whakamātautau, i muri i te tahunga o te waea, ki te tapahia te pūtake hiko, ka whakahaerehia te ahi i roto i tētahi whānuitanga, e kore e horapa, me te ārai mura me te aukati i te mahi paowa paitini. Ko te waea ārai mura he wāhanga nui o te haumaru hiko, he mea nui te whiriwhiri i ōna rauemi, ko te mākete o nāianei e whakamahia whānuitia ana ngā rauemi waea ārai mura tae atu kiPVC, XLPE, rapa silicone me ngā rauemi whakamahana kohuke.
Kōwhiringa rauemi waea me te taura ātete mura
Ko te teitei ake o te taupū hāora o te rauemi e whakamahia ana i roto i te taura ārai mura, ko te pai ake o te mahi ārai mura, engari me te pikinga ake o te taupū hāora, me ngaro ētahi atu āhuatanga. Mena ka whakaitihia ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana me ngā āhuatanga tukatuka o te rauemi, ka uaua te mahi, ā, ka piki ake te utu o te rauemi, nō reira me whiriwhiri tika te taupū hāora, ka eke te taupū hāora o te rauemi whakamahana whānui ki te 30, ka taea e te hua te paahi i ngā whakaritenga whakamātautau o te akomanga C i roto i te paerewa, mena he rauemi ārai mura ngā rauemi hipoki me te whakakī, ka taea e te hua te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga o te Akomanga B me te Akomanga A. Ko ngā rauemi waea me te taura ārai mura ka wehea te nuinga ki ngā rauemi ārai mura halogenated me ngā rauemi ārai mura halogen-kore;
1. Ngā rauemi ārai mura halogenated
Nā te pirau me te tukunga o te hauwai hauwai i te wā e wera ana te mura, ka taea e te hauwai hauwai te hopu i te pakiaka hohe kore utu o te HO, kia whakaroahia ai, kia tineia ai rānei te mura o te rauemi kia tutuki ai te kaupapa o te aukati mura. Ko ngā mea e whakamahia whānuitia ana ko te polyvinyl chloride, te neoprene rap, te chlorosulfonated polyethylene, te ethylene-propylene rap me ētahi atu rauemi.
(1) Te polyvinyl chloride aukati mura (PVC): Nā te iti o te utu o te PVC, te pai o te whakamarumaru me te aukati mura, he whānuitia te whakamahinga i roto i ngā waea me ngā taura aukati mura noa. Hei whakapai ake i te aukati mura o te PVC, he maha ngā wā ka tāpirihia ngā aukati mura halogen (decabromodiphenyl ethers), ngā paraffin chlorinated me ngā aukati mura synergic ki te tauira hei whakapai ake i te aukati mura o te PVC.
Rapa Ethylene propylene (EPDM): he pai ngā āhuatanga hiko o ngā warowaihā kore-polar, he ātete teitei ki te whakamahana, he iti te mate dielectric, engari he rauemi mura te rapa ethylene propylene, me whakaiti te hononga whakawhiti o te rapa ethylene propylene, me te whakaiti i te momotu mekameka ngota i puta mai i ngā matū taumaha ngota iti, kia pai ake ai ngā āhuatanga mura o te rauemi;
(2) Ngā rauemi ārai ahi iti te paowa me te halogen iti
Ko te nuinga mō ngā rauemi e rua o te polyvinyl chloride me te chlorosulfonated polyethylene. Tāpirihia te CaCO3 me te A(IOH)3 ki te tauira o te PVC. Ka taea e te zinc borate me te MoO3 te whakaiti i te tukunga HCL me te nui o te paowa o te polyvinyl chloride aukati mura, ka whakapai ake i te aukati mura o te rauemi, ka whakaiti i te halogen, te kohu waikawa, me ngā tukunga paowa, engari ka paku heke te taupū hāora.
2. Ngā rauemi ārai mura kore-halogen
Ko ngā polyolefin he rauemi kore-halogen, he mea hanga mai i ngā warowaihā e wawahi ana i te hauhā waro me te wai ina tahuna, kāore e puta he paowa nui me ngā hau kino. Ko te nuinga o ngā polyolefin ko te polyethylene (PE) me ngā polymer ethylene – vinyl acetate (E-VA). Kāore he ātete mura o ēnei rauemi, me tāpiri he ātete mura kore-organic me he ātete mura raupapa phosphorus, kia taea ai te tukatuka hei rauemi ātete mura kore-halogen; Heoi, nā te kore o ngā rōpū polar i runga i te mekameka ngota o ngā matū kore-polar me te hydrophobicity, he ngoikore te hononga ki ngā ātete mura kore-organic, he uaua ki te hono pūmau. Hei whakapai ake i te mahi mata o te polyolefin, ka taea te tāpiri i ngā surfactants ki te tātai. Ki te whakauru rānei ki te polyolefin me ngā polymer kei roto ngā rōpū polar, kia nui ake ai te whakakī ātete mura, kia pai ake ai ngā āhuatanga miihini me ngā āhuatanga tukatuka o te rauemi, me te whiwhi i te ātete mura pai ake. Ka kitea he tino painga tonu te waea me te taura ātete mura, ā, he tino pai te whakamahinga ki te taiao.
Wā tuku: Hakihea-03-2024