Ko ngā waea me ngā taura, e mahi ana hei kaikawe matua mō te tuku hiko me te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, he mahi e whakawhirinaki tika ana ki ngā tukanga whakamarumaru me te hipoki hipoki. I te whānuitanga o ngā whakaritenga ahumahi hou mō te mahi taura, e whā ngā tukanga matua—te whakaputa, te takai roa, te takai porowhita, me te paninga tuku—e whakaatu ana i ngā painga ahurei i roto i ngā āhuatanga rerekē. Ka rukuhia e tēnei tuhinga te kōwhiringa rauemi, te rere o te tukanga, me ngā āhuatanga tono o ia tukanga, e whakarato ana i tētahi pūtake ariā mō te hoahoa me te kōwhiringa taura.
1 Tukanga Whakaputa
1.1 Ngā Pūnaha Rauemi
Ko te tukanga whakaputanga e whakamahi ana i ngā rauemi polymer thermoplastic, thermosetting rānei:
① Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC): He iti te utu, he ngāwari te tukatuka, he pai mō ngā taura ngaohiko iti noa (hei tauira, ngā taura paerewa UL 1061), engari he iti te ātete ki te wera (te pāmahana whakamahinga roa ≤70°C).
②Polyethylene Hononga-whiti (XLPE)Mā te whakawhiti-irahiko, mā te peroxide rānei, ka piki te pāmahana ki te 90°C (paerewa IEC 60502), e whakamahia ana mō ngā taura hiko ngaohiko-waenga me te ngaohiko-tiketike.
③ Polyurethane Thermoplastic (TPU): Ka tutuki te ātete ki te pakū i te ISO 4649 Paerewa A, e whakamahia ana mō ngā taura mekameka tōia karetao.
④ Ngā kirihou pūwero (hei tauira, FEP): Ātete pāmahana teitei (200°C) me te ātete waikura matū, e tutuki ana i ngā whakaritenga taura rererangi MIL-W-22759.
1.2 Ngā Āhuatanga o te Tukanga
Ka whakamahia he taputapu whakaputa tīwiri hei whakatutuki i te paninga tonu:
① Whakahaere Pāmahana: E toru ngā wāhanga o te whakahaere pāmahana e hiahiatia ana mō te XLPE (rohe whāngai 120°C → rohe pēhanga 150°C → rohe whakakotahi 180°C).
② Whakahaere Matotoru: Me ≤5% te rerekētanga (e ai ki te GB/T 2951.11).
③ Tikanga Whakamatao: Whakamataohia te wai mā te whakamahi i te whakatīotanga i roto i te awa wai hei ārai i te pakaru o te ahotea tioata.
1.3 Ngā horopaki tono
① Tuku Mana: Ngā taura XLPE kua whakamahanatia ki te 35 kV me raro iho (GB/T 12706).
② Ngā Waea Whakamahinga Waka: He ārai PVC angiangi (te matotoru paerewa 0.13 mm te paerewa ISO 6722).
③ Ngā Taura Motuhake: Ngā taura coaxial PTFE kua whakamahanatia (ASTM D3307).
2 Tukanga Tākai Roa
2.1 Kōwhiringa Rauemi
① Ngā Rīpene Whakarewa: 0.15 mmrīpene maitai piauau(ngā whakaritenga GB/T 2952), rīpene konumohe pania ki te kirihou (hanganga Al/PET/Al).
② Ngā Rauemi Ārai-Wai: Rīpene Ārai-Wai kua pania ki te piripiri rewa-wera (tere pupuhi ≥500%).
③ Ngā Rauemi Whakarewa: Waea whakarewa konumohe ER5356 mō te whakarewa pewa haukoni (paerewa AWS A5.10).
2.2 Ngā Hangarau Matua
E toru ngā taahiraa matua o te tukanga takai roa:
① Te Hanga Rīpene: Te piko i ngā rīpene papatahi kia āhua-U → āhua-O mā te hurihuri i ngā wāhanga maha.
② Te Whakarewa Tonu: Te whakarewa whakapūmau auau-teitei (auau 400 kHz, tere 20 m/min).
③ Tirotiro Ipurangi: Whakamātautau mura (ngaohiko whakamātautau 9 kV/mm).
2.3 Ngā Whakamahinga Noa
① Ngā Taura Ruku Moana: He takai roa rīpene maitai paparua-papa (kaha ā-ringa paerewa IEC 60840 ≥400 N/mm²).
② Ngā Taura Keri: Te hipoki konumohe kōpikopiko (MT 818.14 kaha pēhi ≥20 MPa).
③ Ngā Taura Whakawhitiwhiti Kōrero: He parepare takai roa i hangaia ki te konumohe-kirihou (te ngaronga tuku ≤0.1 dB/m @1GHz).
3 Tukanga Tākai Porowhita
3.1 Ngā Huinga Rauemi
① Rīpene Mika: Te ihirangi Muscovite ≥95% (GB/T 5019.6), te pāmahana ātete ahi 1000°C/90 meneti.
② Rīpene Ārahi-ā-Wae: Te ihirangi pango waro 30%～40% (ātete rōrahi 10²～10³ Ω·cm).
③ Rīpene Whakakotahi: Kiriata polyester + papanga kore-whatu (matotoru 0.05 mm ±0.005 mm).
3.2 Ngā Tawhā Tukanga
① Koki Tākai: 25°～55° (he pai ake te ātete piko ki te koki iti).
② Ōwehenga Taupoki: 50%～70% (me taupoki 100% ngā taura ātete ahi).
③ Mana Whakahaere Kume: 0.5～2 N/mm² (mana whakahaere porowhita kati mō te motuka servo).
3.3 Ngā Taupānga Auaha
① Ngā Taura Hiko Karihi: Te takai rīpene mika paparanga-toru (kua whai tohu whakamātautau LOCA paerewa IEEE 383).
② Ngā Taura Arataki Nui: Te takai rīpene ārai-wai haurua-arataki (te reiti pupuri iahiko nui ≥98%).
③ Ngā Taura Auau-Teitei: Takai kiriata PTFE (pūmau dielectric 2.1 @1MHz).
Tukanga Paninga 4-Tohu
4.1 Ngā Pūnaha Paninga
① Paninga Uku: Te urunga 60～80 (0.1 mm) @25°C (GB/T 4507).
② Polyurethane: Pūnaha wāhanga-rua (NCO∶OH = 1.1∶1), piri ≥3B (ASTM D3359).
③ Ngā paninga nano: Te kapia epoxy kua whakarerekētia SiO₂ (whakamātautau rehu tote >1000 h).
4.2 Ngā Whakapainga Tukanga
① Whakakīnga Korehau: Pēhanga 0.08 MPa e puritia ana mō te 30 meneti (tere whakakī pore >95%).
② Te Whakaora UV: Roangaru 365 nm, kaha 800 mJ/cm².
③ Te Whakamaroketanga Rōrahi: 40°C × 2 h → 80°C × 4 h → 120°C × 1 h.
4.3 Ngā Whakamahinga Motuhake
① Ngā Kaiārahi o Runga: He paninga ārai-waikura kua whakarerekētia e te graphene (kua whakaitihia te mātotoru putunga tote mā te 70%).
② Ngā Taura kaipuke: Paninga polyurea whakaora-ake (te wā whakaora o te kapiti <24 h).
③ Ngā Taura Tāhuna: Paninga ā-waenga (ātete whenua ≤5 Ω·km).
5 Whakamutunga
I te whanaketanga o ngā rauemi hou me ngā taputapu atamai, kei te whanake haere ngā tukanga hipoki ki te whakakotahitanga me te mamati. Hei tauira, mā te hangarau whakakotahi takai extrusion-longitudinal ka taea te hanga whakauru o te uhi extrusion-toru-paparanga + te uhi konumohe, ā, mā ngā taura whakawhitiwhiti 5G ka whakamahia he whakamarumaru hiato nano-paninga + takai. Me kimi e te auahatanga tukanga ā muri ake nei te taurite pai i waenga i te whakahaere utu me te whakarei ake i te mahi, hei akiaki i te whanaketanga kounga teitei o te umanga taura.
Wā tuku: Hakihea-31-2025